The E and D data edit descriptors transfer real values in exponential form. They take the following form:
Ew.d[Ee]
Dw.d
For the E edit descriptor, the value of d (the number of places after the decimal point) plus e (the number of digits in the exponent) must not exceed the value of w (the field width).
For the D edit descriptor, the value of d must not exceed the value of w.
The specified I/O list item must be of type real, or it must be the real or imaginary part of a complex type.
Rules for Input Processing
On input, the E and D data edit descriptors transfer w characters from an external field and assigns their real value to the corresponding I/O list item. The E and D descriptors interpret and assign input data in the same way as the F data edit descriptor.
The following shows input using the E and D edit descriptors (the symbol ^ represents a nonprinting blank character):
Format Input Value
E9.3 734.432E3 734432.0
E12.4 ^^1022.43E 1022.43E-6
E15.3 52.3759663^^^^^ 52.3759663
E12.5 210.5271D+10 210.5271E10
BZ,D10.2 12345^^^^^ 12345000.0D0
D10.2 ^^123.45^^ 123.45D0
D15.3 367.4981763D+04 3.674981763D+06
If the I/O list item is single-precision real, the E edit descriptor treats the D exponent indicator as an E indicator.
Rules for Output Processing
On output, the E and D data edit descriptors transfer the real value of the corresponding I/O list item, right-justified and rounded to d decimal positions, to an external field that is w characters long.
The w should be greater than or equal to d+7 to allow for the following:
A sign (optional if the value is positive and descriptor SP is not in effect)
An optional zero to the left of the decimal point
The decimal point
The d digits to the right of the decimal point
The exponent
The exponent takes one of the following forms:
Edit Descriptor |
Absolute Value of Exponent |
Positive Form of Exponent |
Negative Form of Exponent |
|---|---|---|---|
Ew.d |
|exp| 99 |
E+nn |
E-nn |
99 < |exp| 999 |
+nnn |
-nnn |
|
Ew.dEe |
|exp| 10e - 1 |
E+n1n2...ne |
E-n1n2...ne |
Dw.d |
|exp| 99 |
D+nn or E+nn |
D-nn or E-nn |
99 < |exp| 999 |
+nnn |
-nnn |
If the exponent value is too large to be converted into one of these forms, an error occurs.
The exponent field width (e) is optional for the E edit descriptor; if omitted, the default value is 2. If e is specified, the w should be greater than or equal to d+e+5.
Note
The w can be as small as d + 5 or d + e + 3, if the optional fields for the sign and the zero are omitted.
The following shows output using the E and D edit descriptors (the symbol ^ represents a nonprinting blank character):
Format Value Output
E11.2 475867.222 ^^^0.48E+06
E11.5 475867.222 0.47587E+06
E12.3 0.00069 ^^^0.690E
E10.3 -0.5555 -0.556E+00
E5.3 56.12 *****
E14.5E4 -1.001 -0.10010E+0001
E13.3E6 0.000123 0.123E-000003
D14.3 0.0363 ^^^^^0.363D-01
D23.12 5413.87625793 ^^^^^0.541387625793D+04
D9.6 1.2 *********